What are "Pull-ins" and "Pull-outs" in the context of bus routing?

"Pull-ins" and "Pull-outs" refer specifically to the movements that a bus makes when it transitions to and from a bus depot or garage. In this context, routing to and from the district to the starting point of the line captures the essential function of these terms.

During a pull-in, a bus enters the depot after completing its route, ensuring it is parked in the appropriate area for maintenance or preparation for the next day’s service. Conversely, pull-outs involve the bus departing from the depot to start its route for the day. This is a critical operation in transit management as it affects the schedule, efficiency, and the overall service provided to passengers.

The other options do not accurately describe the purpose and definition of "Pull-ins" and "Pull-outs." Redirection during a route pertains to changes in service due to various factors, emergency protocols relate to safety and preparedness during unforeseen events, while standard stops along a route focus on passenger boardings and alightings, not the operational movement between depots and route origins.